Prosthetic Mitral Valves: Normal Doppler Data

"Appendix B."

Valve Type Size (mm) Peak gradient (mmHg) Mean gradient (mmHg) Peak Velocity (m/s) Pressure 1/2 time (ms) EOA (cm2)
Biocor Stentless bioprosthesis 27 13 ± 1
Biocor Stentless bioprosthesis 29 14 ± 2.5
Biocor Stentless bioprosthesis 31 11.5 ± 0.5
Biocor Stentless bioprosthesis 33 12 ± 0.5
Bioflo pericardial Stented bioprosthesis 25 10 ± 2 6.3 ± 1.5 2 ± 0.1
Bioflo pericardial Stented bioprosthesis 27 9.5 ± 2.6 5.4 ± 1.2 2 ± 0.3
Bioflo pericardial Stented bioprosthesis 29 5 ± 2.8 3.6 ± 1 2.4 ± 0.2
Bioflo pericardial Stented bioprosthesis 31 4.0 2.0 2.3
Bjork-Shiley Tilting disc 23 1.7 115
Bjork-Shiley Tilting disc 25 12 ± 4 6 ± 2 1.75 ± 0.38 99 ± 27 1.72 ± 0.6
Bjork-Shiley Tilting disc 27 10 ± 4 5 ± 2 1.6 ± 0.49 89 ± 28 1.81 ± 0.54
Bjork-Shiley Tilting disc 29 7.83 ± 2.93 2.83 ± 1.27 1.37 ± 0.25 79 ± 17 2.1 ± 0.43
Bjork-Shiley Tilting disc 31 6 ± 3 2 ± 1.9 1.41 ± 0.26 70 ± 14 2.2 ± 0.3
Bjork-Shiley monostrut Tilting disc 23 5.0 1.9
Bjork-Shiley monostrut Tilting disc 25 13 ± 2.5 5.57 ± 2.3 1.8 ± 0.3
Bjork-Shiley monostrut Tilting disc 27 12 ± 2.5 4.53 ± 2.2 1.7 ± 0.4
Bjork-Shiley monostrut Tilting disc 29 13 ± 3 4.26 ± 1.6 1.6 ± 0.3
Bjork-Shiley monostrut Tilting disc 31 14 ± 4.5 4.9 ± 1.6 1.7 ± 0.3
Carbomedics Bileaflet 23 1.9 ± 0.1 126 ± 7
Carbomedics Bileaflet 25 10.3 ± 2.3 3.6 ± 0.6 1.3 ± 0.1 93 ± 8 2.9 ± 0.8
Carbomedics Bileaflet 27 8.79 ± 3.46 3.46 ± 1.03 1.61 ± 0.3 89 ± 20 2.9 ± 0.75
Carbomedics Bileaflet 29 8.78 ± 2.9 3.39 ± 0.97 1.52 ± 0.3 88 ± 17 2.3 ± 0.4
Carbomedics Bileaflet 31 8.87 ± 2.34 3.32 ± 0.87 1.61 ± 0.29 92 ± 24 2.8 ± 1.14
Carbomedics Bileaflet 33 8.8 ± 2.2 4.8 ± 2.5 1.5 ± 0.2 93 ± 12
Carpentier-Edwards Stented bioprosthesis 27 6 ± 2 1.7 ± 0.3 98 ± 28
Carpentier-Edwards Stented bioprosthesis 29 4.7 ± 2 1.76 ± 0.27 92 ± 14
Carpentier-Edwards Stented bioprosthesis 31 4.4 ± 2 1.54 ± 0.15 92 ± 19
Carpentier-Edwards Stented bioprosthesis 33 6 ± 3 93 ± 12
Carpentier-Edwards pericardial Stented Bioprosthesis 27 3.6 1.6 100
Carpentier-Edwards pericardial Stented Bioprosthesis 29 5.25 ± 2.36 1.67 ± 0.3 110 ± 15
Carpentier-Edwards pericardial Stented Bioprosthesis 31 4.05 ± 0.83 1.53 ± 0.1 90 ± 11
Carpentier-Edwards pericardial Stented Bioprosthesis 23 1.0 0.8 80
Duromedics Bileaflet 27 13 ± 6 5 ± 3 1.61 ± 0.4 75 ± 12
Duromedics Bileaflet 29 10 ± 4 3 ± 1 1.40 ± 0.25 85 ± 22
Duromedics Bileaflet 31 10.5 ± 4.33 3.3 ± 1.36 1.38 ± 0.27 81 ± 12
Duromedics Bileaflet 33 11.2 2.5 85
Hancock I (or NOS) Stented bioprosthesis 27 10 ± 4 5 ± 2 1.3 ± 0.8
Hancock I (or NOS) Stented bioprosthesis 29 7 ± 3 2.46 ± 0.79 115 ± 20 1.5 ± 0.2
Hancock I (or NOS) Stented bioprosthesis 31 4 ± 0.86 4.86 ± 1.69 95 ± 17 1.6 ± 0.2
Hancock I (or NOS) Stented bioprosthesis 33 3 ± 2 3.87 ± 2 90 ± 12 1.9 ± 0.2
Hancock II Stented bioprosthesis 27 2.21 ± 0.14
Hancock II Stented bioprosthesis 29 2.77 ± 0.11
Hancock II Stented bioprosthesis 31 2.84 ± 0.1
Hancock II Stented bioprosthesis 33 3.15 ± 0.22
Hancock pericardial Stented bioprosthesis 29 2.61 ± 1.39 1.42 ± 0.14 105 ± 36
Hancock pericardial Stented bioprosthesis 31 3.57 ± 1.02 1.51 ± 0.27 81 ± 23
Ionescu-Shiley Stented bioprosthesis 25 4.87 ± 1.08 1.43 ± 0.15 93 ± 11
Ionescu-Shiley Stented bioprosthesis 27 3.21 ± 0.82 1.31 ± 0.24 100 ± 28
Ionescu-Shiley Stented bioprosthesis 29 3.22 ± 0.57 1.38 ± 0.2 85 ± 8
Ionescu-Shiley Stented bioprosthesis 31 3.63 ± 0.9 1.45 ± 0.06 100 ± 36
Ionescu-Shiley low profile Stented bioprosthesis 29 3.31 ± 0.96 1.36 ± 0.25 80 ± 30
Ionescu-Shiley low profile Stented bioprosthesis 31 2.74 ± 0.37 1.33 ± 0.14 79 ± 15
Labcor-Santiago pericardial Stented bioprosthesis 25 8.7 4.5 97 2.2
Labcor-Santiago pericardial Stented bioprosthesis 27 5.6 ± 2.3 2.8 ± 1.5 85 ± 18 2.12 ± 0.48
Labcor-Santiago pericardial Stented bioprosthesis 29 6.2 ± 2.1 3 ± 1.3 80 ± 34 2.11 ± 0.73
Lillehei-Kaster Tilting disc 18 1.7 140
Lillehei-Kaster Tilting disc 20 1.7 67
Lillehei-Kaster Tilting disc 22 1.56 ± 0.09 94 ± 22
Lillehei-Kaster Tilting disc 25 1.38 ± 0.27 124 ± 46
Medtronic Hall Tilting disc 27 1.4 78
Medtronic Hall Tilting disc 29 1.57 ± 0.1 69 ± 15
Medtronic Hall Tilting disc 31 1.45 ± 0.12 77 ± 17
Medtronic Intact Porcine Stented bioprosthesis 29 3.5 ± 0.51 1.6 ± 0.22
Medtronic Intact Porcine Stented bioprosthesis 31 4.2 ± 1.44 1.6 ± 0.26
Medtronic Intact Porcine Stented bioprosthesis 33 4 ± 1.3 1.4 ± 0.24
Medtronic Intact Porcine Stented bioprosthesis 35 3.2 ± 1.77 1.3 ± 0.5
Mitroflow Stented bioprosthesis 25 6.9 2.0 90
Mitroflow Stented bioprosthesis 27 3.07 ± 0.91 1.5 90 ± 20
Mitroflow Stented bioprosthesis 29 3.5 ± 1.65 1.43 ± 0.29 102 ± 21
Mitroflow Stented bioprosthesis 31 3.85 ± 0.81 1.32 ± 0.26 91 ± 22
Omnicarbon Tilting disc 23 8.0
Omnicarbon Tilting disc 25 6.05 ± 1.81 1.77 ± 0.24 102 ± 16
Omnicarbon Tilting disc 27 4.89 ± 2.05 1.63 ± 0.36 105 ± 33
Omnicarbon Tilting disc 29 4.93 ± 2.16 1.56 ± 0.27 120 ± 40
Omnicarbon Tilting disc 31 4.18 ± 1.4 1.3 ± 0.23 134 ± 31
Omnicarbon Tilting disc 33 4 ± 2
On-X Bileaflet 25 11.5 ± 3.2 5.3 ± 2.1 1.9 ± 1.1
On-X Bileaflet 27 10.3 ± 4.5 4.5 ± 1.6 2.2 ± 0.5
On-X Bileaflet 29 10.3 ± 4.5 4.5 ± 1.6 2.2 ± 0.5
On-X Bileaflet 31 9.8 ± 3.8 4.8 ± 2.4 2.5 ± 1.1
On-X Bileaflet 33 9.8 ± 3.8 4.8 ± 2.4 2.5 ± 1.1
Sorin Allcarbon Tilting disc 25 15 ± 0.25 4 ± 0.5 1.95 ± 0.02 70 ± 1
Sorin Allcarbon Tilting disc 27 11 ± 2.75 4 ± 0.5 1.65 ± 0.21 82 ± 20
Sorin Allcarbon Tilting disc 29 12 ± 3 4 ± 1.25 1.73 ± 0.22 80 ± 14
Sorin Allcarbon Tilting disc 31 10 ± 1.5 4 ± 1 1.66 ± 0.11 83 ± 14
St. Jude Medical Bileaflet 23 4.0 1.5 160 1.0
St. Jude Medical Bileaflet 25 2.5 ± 1 1.34 ± 1.12 75 ± 4 1.35 ± 0.17
St. Jude Medical Bileaflet 27 11 ± 4 5 ± 1.82 1.61 ± 0.29 75 ± 10 1.67 ± 0.17
St. Jude Medical Bileaflet 29 10 ± 3 4.15 ± 1.8 1.57 ± 0.29 85 ± 10 1.75 ± 0.24
St. Jude Medical Bileaflet 31 12 ± 6 4.46 ± 2.22 1.59 ± 0.33 74 ± 13 2.03 ± 0.32
Starr-Edwards Caged ball 26 10.0 1.4
Starr-Edwards Caged ball 28 7 ± 2.75 1.9 ± 0.57
Starr-Edwards Caged ball 30 12.2 ± 4.6 6.99 ± 2.5 1.7 ± 0.3 125 ± 25 1.65 ± 0.4
Starr-Edwards Caged ball 32 11.5 ± 4.2 5.08 ± 2.5 1.7 ± 0.3 110 ± 25 1.98 ± 0.4
Starr-Edwards Caged ball 34 5.0 2.6
Stentless quadrileaflet bovine pericardial Stentless bioprosthesis 26 2.2 ± 1.7 1.6 103 ± 31 1.7
Stentless quadrileaflet bovine pericardial Stentless bioprosthesis 28 1.58 ± 0.25 1.7 ± 0.6
Stentless quadrileaflet bovine pericardial Stentless bioprosthesis 30 1.42 ± 0.32 2.3 ± 0.4
Wessex Stented bioprosthesis 29 3.69 ± 0.61 1.66 ± 0.17 83 ± 19
Wessex Stented bioprosthesis 31 3.31 ± 0.83 1.41 ± 0.25 80 ± 21

Reference:

Recommendations for evaluation of prosthetic valves with echocardiography and doppler ultrasound: a report From the American Society of Echocardiography's Guidelines and Standards Committee and the Task Force on Prosthetic Valves
Zoghbi WA, Chambers JB, Dumesnil JG, Foster E, Gottdiener JS, Grayburn PA, Khandheria BK, Levine RA, Marx GR, Miller FA Jr, Nakatani S, Quiñones MA, Rakowski H, Rodriguez LL, Swaminathan M, Waggoner AD, Weissman NJ, Zabalgoitia M; American Society of Echocardiography's Guidelines and Standards Committee; Task Force on Prosthetic Valves; American College of Cardiology Cardiovascular Imaging Committee; Cardiac Imaging Committee of the American Heart Association; European Association of Echocardiography; European Society of Cardiology; Japanese Society of Echocardiography; Canadian Society of Echocardiography; American College of Cardiology Foundation; American Heart Association; European Association of Echocardiography; European Society of Cardiology; Japanese Society of Echocardiography; Canadian Society of Echocardiography.
J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 2009 Sep;22(9):975-1014